The Clarion Issue

There are many historic cities, many of them which served as colonial capitals, along the coast of the United States, some of them more popular tourist destinations than others. Most Americans are familiar with St. Augustine, Florida, the oldest city in the U.S., Charleston, South Carolina, the place where the Civil War began, Savannah, Georgia, made popular by the book and movie Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil, Williamsburg, Virginia, the Home of the House of Burgesses and William and Mary College, and on up the coast. However, very few people think of New Bern, North Carolina, when they think of colonial costal historic capital cities. One reason for this could be that New Bern cane to be the North Carolina capital city late in the colonial era. It was made the permanent capital around 1770 under Royal Governor William Tryon who built a large brick governor's mansion in the town still known as the "Tryon Palace."

New Bern was founded in 1710 at the confluence of the Trent and Neuse rivers by Swiss and German settlers led by Baron Christopher de Graffenried from Bern, Switzerland. New Bern is the second oldest town in the state. As the colony grew, the capital moved from town to town. By the late 1760's Gov. Tryon recognized the need for a permanent capital and in 1770 began construction of a large brick structure to serve as a Governor's residence, a place to hold cabinet meetings and entertainment center. By the time President George Washington visited New Bern in April 1791, and was entertained at the Palace, it was in disrepair and he noted so in his diary. In 1794, the state capital was moved to Raleigh and the Palace was used sporadically as a residence for the elected governors and for governmental meetings on the coast. However, in 1798 the Palace burned, and over the years citizens of New Bern pillaged the palace for bricks and other items used for constructing their homes.

In the later half of the 20th Century, the palace was rebuilt and restored. The Tryon Palace has two stories, a basement, numerous out buildings, and massive beautiful gardens which make the price of admission well worth the cost. The ticket price also gets the holder into several other historic houses in the area easily within walking distance of the Palace.

One such house is the John Wright Stanly House was built in the early 1780s for John Wright Stanly, a prominent New Bern citizen. It is believed John Hawks, the architect who designed the Tryon Palace, may have designed the Stanly House as well. Built of hand-hewn longleaf pine, the Stanly House remains one of the finest examples of Georgian architecture in the South. While the house has had many owners, uses, and has been moved twice, its gracious center hall plan and grand two-story stairwell are as striking today as they were for 18th-century visitors.

The elegance of the Stanly House reflects the wealth of its owner. Stanly was a powerful businessman whose merchant ships raided British vessels to aid the American cause during the Revolutionary War. John Wright Stanly and his wife Ann Cogdell lived in the house only a few years before dying of yellow fever in the epidemic of 1789.

The house was empty in 1791, when President Washington came through New Bern on his Southern Tour. Local legend has it that the people of New Bern opened up the Stanly house, cleaned it, and put their own furnishings inside for Pres. Washington to use. He wrote later in his diary that he had enjoyed "exceeding good lodgings."

John Stanly, Jr., a lawyer and politician, lived in the Stanly home until the mid 1820s. Early in his career, Stanly had political differences with Richard Dobbs Spaight, a former state governor. In 1802, their differences escalated into a duel which lasted for four rounds. Finally, Stanly mortally wounded Spaight. Since dueling was illegal in North Carolina, Stanly was forced to leave New Bern until his friend, Judge William Gaston, could convince the governor to grant him a pardon. It was the first gubernatorial pardon ever granted in North Carolina.

Lewis Addison Armistead was born in the house on February 18, 1817. His mother was Elizabeth Stanly Armistead. Known as Lou, he led a division of Confederate infantry in Pickett's charge at Gettysburg and died on July 5, 1865 from wounds received during the battle. During the Civil War, when Federal forces occupied New Bern, the Stanly House briefly served as the first headquarters of General Ambrose E. Burnside. Later, the house was used as a convent for the Sisters of Mercy, Catholic nuns who served as nurses in nearby Union hospitals. From 1935 until 1965, the Stanly House served as New Bern's public library. The house was moved to its present location as part of the Tryon Palace historic site.

The several historic homes on the tour are staffed with interpretive period actors who provide guided tours. The area includes a souvenir shop and historic center with an informative short film of the historic city and area.

New Bern was also the site of a Civil War battle, which took place on the 13th and 14th of March 1862 as part of the Union plan to shut down the ports of the Confederacy. The Union forces comprised three full brigades led by General Ambrose Burnside and was supplemented by a battery of six boat howitzers and two rifled Wizard cannon. They were met by Confederate General Lawrence O'Bryan Branch, a politician with virtually no military expertise and an estimated 4,500 untrained and ill-equipped Confederate troops. After a battle of about four hours the southern forces were defeated. The town was saved from disaster by the heroic action of Zebulon Vance of the 26th North Carolina Infantry. When the unit became separated from the main Confederate force Vance, leading the 26th and a handful of troops from the 33rd North Carolina, held off an incredibly superior force, thus preventing inevitable damage to the city and population of New Bern by delaying Federal forces from their target.

During the battle Branch lost 68 killed, 116 wounded, and 400 captured or missing. Burnside lost 90 killed, 385 wounded, and one man captured. Branch lost scores of cannon and all the ammunition stores at New Bern. He also lost the Port of New Bern.

After the battle, Union forces seized the local school to use as a hospital for the wounded. The New Bern Academy, built around 1805, was the oldest chartered school in the state. It was reopened after the war but only after the floorboards were turned over to hide the bloodstains. Today it is a museum that houses artifacts that focus on education, architecture, the Civil War, and the Tuscarora Indians.

After the war the Confederate dead were moved to Cedar Grove Cemetery, and placed in a large underground vault located near the Confederate Memorial in the cemetery. About 1000 Union dead around the area were collected and reinterred in an eight-acre area in 1867. This area became New Bern National Cemetery. Visitors can see the battle sites, the New Bern Academy Museum, and cemeteries.

New Bern has many museums to visit, one is the Fireman's Museum. The history of the fire fighting in the city includes rival fire stations set up after the Civil War between former Confederate veterans and Union solders who elected to stay in New Bern.

New Bern is also the home of Pepsi. It was first mixed by Caleb Bradham a New Bern pharmacist in 1893. It was given the name Pepsi in 1898. One downtown restaurant, the Chelsea, still maintains the old corner drug store ambiance from the 1940s and 50s with the soda fountain bar, checkered floor, and booths; however, the food is excellent and no visit to New Bern is complete without dinner at the Chelsea. They have Pepsi tee shirts and memorabilia for sale also. Today, Pepsi is still headquartered in New Bern so it is important to make hotel reservations if you plan to visit during the week.

New Bern has a good library complete with a genealogical research room and a staff that will aid any researcher in family or historical research. The library is near the downtown area convenient to restaurants, shopping, and many historic churches and other historic places.

For those of you that still enjoy a good cigar New Bern is a great place to pick up some stogies. A locally sold hand rolled cigar known as the New Bern Swiss Heritage comes in assorted sizes including the full-blown Churchill size. It is sold by the Tinder Box in New Bern and comes in the Maduro and Connecticut wrappers. However, in New Burn even the 7-11s have walk in humidors with fine cigars; because, in North Carolina, you're never far from Tobacco Road.

New Bern has many fine restaurants and bars. There are the standbys, the Outback, Applebees, etc., and there is good seafood all over this port city, but for a unique meal there is Bakers Square, a Mennonite Restaurant in the downtown area. They have a great breakfast and try a dinner there; you can always go to Outback locally.

America is a great country, and you don't have to travel far and spend a brazillian dollars to discover it.

On June 19, the voters in Camden County, Georgia, went to the polls, and in a come to Jesus moment with the powers that be in Camden County and St. Marys, sent a stiff and stern message concerning the tax allocation district (TAD) proposal and excessive tax concerns for special interests and land developers in the county. The county voted overwhelmingly four to one against TAD, a proposal to give the local governments the authority to set up tax-prefered areas in the county for several years while paying for the enterprise with government-funded bonds. At issue was a proposed $25 million corporate welfare gift from the city and county governments toward the clean up and redevelopment of the Gilman/Durango paper mill in St. Marys purchased by LandMar.

Public opinion had rolled against the TAD issue almost from its onset. The infamous "TAD poll" taken by phone early in the campaign was blamed on the forces supporting TAD, and while it took a long time for a committee to finally admit to authorizing the poll, the pro-TAD alliance was blamed for the debacle. Another problem the community had with TAD was the continued rising estimate of the cleanup of the mill site (first five, then 20, then 25+) and the fact that there was no firm monetary ceiling placed on the amount of tax preferment being given to LandMar.

Other residents in Camden County have expressed concern over the recent "drive by elections" and expansion of the use of the Special Local Option Sales Tax (SPLOST) funds in the County. County voters initially approved SPLOST in order to improve the roads, associated drainage, and other features associated with necessary public transportation. Today SPLOST has expanded to cover creating a park at 'Gilligan's Island' (a local lovers lane/beer drinking/party/skinny dipping spot) and putting down artificial grass and building skyboxes at the high school stadium. Theses actions go way beyond the SPLOST original mandate of improving the roads in Camden County.

Another item that hurt TAD was the raising of taxes and property assessments. Just when the proponents of TAD were saying it would not happen, it happened. "Voila," the double whammy- a raise in the millage and a raise in the value of the property assessments meant a major increase in taxes was on the way. This information was hitting the people of Camden County's newsstands, blogspots, and mailboxes at the same time the professionally made "Vote Yes On TAD" brochures were being delivered along with the other junk mail.

However, in the final analysis it was just good ol' voter common sense that said no on TAD. A massive $25 million gift to a huge corporate land development enterprise was too much for the voters to accept.

We at the Clarion Issue would like to thank each and every Clarion Issue supporter who read our newsletter and spread our concerns about this issue. We especially thank all the citizens who displayed a Clarion Issue bumper sticker on their vehicle during the period prior to the election. We were not the only group fighting the TAD initiative, and it was good to see many groups on both sides active in the local democratic process.

Of course, this may not be the end. Special interest groups often find ways to come back to the public trough for another bite at the apple. Long term Camden and St. Marys residents will remember the numerous elections the community had on liquor by the drink on Sundays during the days when special interests with political influence wanted it. It was voted on several times until it finally passed. You may want to keep the "Welcome to St. Marys, GA, Where tax payers pay for land development" bumper stickers on your cars and trucks a little while longer.

Above all, thank all of you who voted, no matter how you voted or felt about the issue at hand, and we'll see ya' at the polls during the next election.

Finally, as for St. Marys, now it is time for the government of that city to get real about its obligations to its citizens. The city still has not provided water and sewer to areas such as Point Peter that it annexed several years ago. The city needs to complete its obligations and commitments it has already made before it sees stars and reaches way beyond its grasp. The voters saw the $25 million corporate welfare gift as way beyond the city's reach. Now the 'City Fathers' (or 'City Persons' to be politically correct) need to wake up and read the tea leaves. There may be some real opposition in the next election.

US SERVICE PERSONNEL KILLED IN IRAQ ………. 3,568
US SERVICE PERSONNEL WOUNDED IN IRAQ ……….. 26,129
US SERVICE PERSONNEL KILLED IN AFGHANISTAN…….. 407
US SERVICE PERSONNEL WOUNDED IN AFGHANISTAN……. 1,636

TOTAL KILLED IN IRAQ AND AFGHANISTAN …………. 3,978
TOTAL CASUALTIES ……………………………….. 31,762
TOTAL COST ……………………. $450,500,000,000

She finally overtook me at the checkout, and she turned to me and said,
"I hope I haven't made you feel ill at ease; it's just that you look so much like my late son."

"I know it's silly, but if you'd call out 'Good bye, Mom,' as I leave the store, it would make me feel so happy."

She then went through the checkout, and as she was on her way out of the store, I called out, "Goodbye, Mom."

The little old lady waved, and smiled back at me Pleased that I had brought a
little sunshine into someone's day, I went to pay for my groceries.

The clerk replied, "Yeah, but your Mother said you'd be paying for her things too."

A tough old cowboy from Dillon, Montana, counseled his grandson that if he wanted to live a long life, the secret was to sprinkle a pinch of gunpowder on his oatmeal every morning. The grandson did this religiously to the age of 103. When he died he left 14 children, 30 grandchildren, 45 great grandchildren, 25 great-great grandchildren, and a 15-foot hole where the crematorium used to be.

A 5-STAR STUPIDITY AWARD WINNER FROM THE DARWIN AWARDS!

A man attempted to siphon gasoline from a motor home parked on a Seattle street and got much more than he bargained for. Police arrived at the scene to find him curled up next to a motor home near spilled sewage. A police spokesman said that the man admitted to trying to steal gasoline and plugged his siphon hose into the motor home's sewage tank by mistake. The owner of the vehicle declined to press charges, saying that it was the best laugh he'd ever had.

Throwed- To throw.
Slud- To slide.
And/he/shined - 1) To unshine (anti/shine). 2) To kick dirt on the umpires shoes. Like "And he shined his shoes with dirt behind fust (first) base."
Chunked- To throw.
Heave Ho- To be ejaculated (ejected) from a game.
Yo' Boob (U tube) - A place on the interweb to see videos.
Hissy fit- A temper tantrum.
Co/nip/shun (conniption) - A major temper tantrum complete with erratic motions and/or actions usually found in small children and professional athletes.
Usage:
Bubba- "Look here Charlene, Lou Piniella jest throwed a conipshun at this here umpire at thud (thurd) base. Look here at da replay he got in the umps face andheshined his shoes. Then he got the heave ho and got ejaculated from the game."
Charlean- "Bubba, that ain't no conipshun; that's jest a little ol' hissy fit. Look on Yo Boob at the Mississippi Braves manager Phillip Wellman. He yanked up thud base, throwed it into da outfield, crawled around, throwed a re/sin (rosin) bag, and then hauled up secon' base, and took it into the bull pin. Now that's a conipshun!
AND NOW WE TAKE YOU TO HEAVEN WHERE DIZZY DEAN AND PEE WEE REESE ARE CALLING THE GAME BETWEEN THE MISSISSIPPI BRAVES AND THE CHATTANOOGA LOOKOUTS ON WHEV-TV
Ol' Diz- "Ya Know Pee Wee, one of the good things of 'bout doing these here game in heaven is all the Falstaff beer ya ca drink. As Jerry Clower, the mouth of the south, once said, "Ain't God Great."
Pee Wee- Yes Dizzy, and speaking of Jerry Clower, he'll be doing a show after this exciting game between the Mississippi Braves and the Chattanooga Lookouts now in the third inning the score is the Braves zero, the Lookouts three. There is some question about the pitcher Kelvin Villa throwing illegal pitches. Something you may know a little about Dizzy."
Ol' Diz- "You're show 'nuff right partner I was accused of a lot of that in my day. Look Pee Wee, there gonna give Villa the heave ho. The umpire is pointin' to a spot in his hat. Now here comes the Braves manager Phillip Wellman."
Pee Wee- "Yeah partner, and he looks madder than the Mad Hatter, pardon the pun."
Ol' Diz- "Wellman's here a storming out of the dugout. He throwed his hat, and now he's shouting and framing the face of the umpire with his hands just about 6 inches from the umpires face. Look Pee Wee now Wellman's down on one knee, pilling dirt on home plate and using a finger to outline the shape of the plate. Now he going down to thud base, he's pulling up the bag. Now he's heading toward second, look-he just chunked thud base into the outfield. Pee Wee, can you believe this?"
Pee Wee- "No Dizzy I can't."
Ol' Diz- "Pee Wee, Hand me another Falstaff, 'Ain't God Great.' It's in the contract we have to say that baseball fans, but Pee Wee, this guy ain't done yet. Look, he's a droppin' on his belly doing sonethin' like a military crawl to slud to the edge of the pitcher's mound, and now he's pickin' up the rosin bag. He pretendin' it's a hand grenade, and pullin' an imaginary pin with his teeth 'John Wayne' style. He just chunked it toward the home plate umpire, hittin' his foot. Now Wellman motionin' that he is ejecting the umpire. OK, he's now heading for the bull pin in center field, now he's picked up second base, he's walked into the outfield and picked up the bag he'd tossed earlier. Wellman finally enters the bull pin with two stolen bases to his credit, but before he does folks he salutes the crowd at Lookout Stadium. What do you say Pee Wee."
Pee Wee- "Dizzy I need a Falstaff, 'Ain't God Great.' Hey Dizzy, how about a rendition of the 'Wabash Cannonball?'"

"We do not use the content of communications to decide which communications we want to study the content of."
Gen. Michael Hayden

A Federal Grand jury handed down the long-awaited formal indictment of Louisiana Congressman William J. "Cold Cash" Jefferson (D) of New Orleans on June 4, 2006. The Bill of Indictment lists 16 alleged violations of federal law that could keep Jefferson in prison for up to 235 years. The indictment came more than two years after FBI agents raided his Washington home and seized $90,000 in frozen cash from his freezer. Jefferson was indicted on racketeering charges and becomes the first sitting congressman charged under the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act regarding business deals he allegedly brokered in Nigeria. He won reelection in his district during the 2006 Congressional election with these allegations hanging over him.
Assistant Attorney General Alice S. Fisher of the Criminal Division and U.S. Attorney Chuck Rosenberg for the Eastern District of Virginia announced the 16-count indictment, returned by a federal grand jury in Alexandria, Va., that charges Jefferson with solicitation of bribes, money laundering, obstruction of justice, violating the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, racketeering, and conspiracy. The indictment alleges that from in or about August 2000 through in or about August 2005, Jefferson, while serving as an elected member of the U.S. House of Representatives, used his position and his office to corruptly seek, solicit and direct that things of value be paid to Jefferson and his family members in exchange for his performance of official acts to advance the interests of people and businesses who offered him the bribes. The items of value allegedly sought and/or received by Jefferson on behalf of his business interests and relatives included hundreds of thousands of dollars worth of bribes in the form of payments from monthly fees or retainers, consulting fees, percentage shares of revenues and profits, flat fees for items sold, and stock ownership in the companies seeking his official assistance.
The official acts allegedly undertaken by Jefferson included leading official business delegations to Africa, and helping business ventures that Congressman Jefferson sought to promote, especially telecommunications deals, oil, and satellite transmission contracts in the countries of Nigeria, Ghana, Equatorial Guinea, Botswana, and the Democratic Republic of Congo.
The indictment alleges that Jefferson knowingly conspired with Vernon L. Jackson, a Louisville, Ky., businessman, and Brett M. Pfeffer, a former Jefferson congressional staff member, and others as part of the bribery and corruption scheme. Jefferson allegedly discussed and solicited bribes in return for being influenced in the performance of certain official acts, including receiving things of value from iGate, Jackson's company. According to the indictment, Jefferson also corruptly sought bribes from an individual identified in the indictment as a Cooperating Witness (CW) to be paid to family members. The indictment alleges, for example, that Jefferson required 5 percent to 7 percent of the CW's newly formed Nigerian company be given to members of Jefferson's family in exchange for his assistance. Jefferson allegedly made the request of the CW in December 2004 during a meeting in a congressional dining room. The indictment further alleges that Jefferson violated the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act by allegedly offering, promising and making payments to a foreign official to advance the various business endeavors in which he and his family had financial interest. Jefferson was allegedly responsible for negotiating, offering and delivering payments of bribes to the official identified in the indictment as "Nigerian Official A." Jackson and Pfeffer pleaded guilty last year and are expected to testify against Jefferson.
Mark D. Lytle and Rebeca H. Bellows, Assistant U.S. Attorneys, Eastern District of Virginia and Trial Attorney Charles E. Duross of the Fraud Section of the Criminal Division at the U.S. Department of Justice will be prosecuting the case against Jefferson. The case continues to be investigated by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, with the assistance of the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN).
Jefferson pleaded not guilty to the charges and was released on $100,000 unsecured bond on June 8. He surrendered his passport and, in a unique twist of fate, the judge 'froze his assets.'
The Clarion Issue reminds its readers that criminal indictments are only charges and not evidence of guilt. A defendant is presumed to be innocent until proven guilty. Jefferson's attorney, Robert Trout, says he plans to fight the indictment and contends there are two sides to every story. Here at the Clarion Issue can't wait to hear Jefferson's explanations.
Jefferson (60) is the child of Louisiana sharecroppers who earned a bachelors degree from Southern University and went on to receive a law degree from Harvard. In 1990 he was elected to Congress from Louisiana's second congressional district. He achieved notoriety after Hurricane Katrina when he commandeered National Guard trucks to 'rescue' items from his home and the trucks and the congressman then had to be rescued, taking time and effort away from the real rescue effort needed in the flooded city.
Jefferson has received a few unflattering nicknames as of late. In the New Orleans media he is known as "Dollar Bill Jefferson," a name given to Jefferson by Ernest 'Dutch' Morial. Morial was an African-American Mayor of New Orleans who accused Jefferson of inflating legal fees. The Rolling Stone has dubbed Jefferson "Bribe Taker," and in the bloggersphere he is known as "Mr. Freeze" and "Cold Cash" Jefferson.

HE'S TALKIN' 'BOUT MY MAMA ALABAMA LAWMAKERS DUKE IT OUT IN THE HALLS OF THE ASSEMBLY

It was all recorded on Alabama Public Television. Senator Bishop and Senator Barron are in the Senate Chamber in a heated discussion. Then in the video, you can see Senator Bishop hit Senator Barron.
Republicans and Democrats have been at each other in the senate all session long in Montgomery, Alabama. Then on June 7, tensions escalated to violence between two senators right on the State Senate floor, when Sen. Charles Bishop (R-Jasper) punched former Pres. Pro Tempore Lowell Barron (D-Fyffe) in the head during a recess after Barron allegedly called his colleague a "son of a bitch." In spite of the incident that members of both delegations characterized as "unfortunate," all agreed the session had been productive and good work had been accomplished in both houses.
The incident began as a dispute between the minority of 17 Republicans and the majority of 18 Democrats continued over alleged mistreatment from the chair. The Senate voted to take a recess so tempers could calm down and the senators could regroup, but that was when the emotions flared.
Republican Senator Charles Bishop said, "He (Barron) called me a 'son of the bitch.' Where I grew up that is somebody talking bad about your mother and when he did I responded with my right hand, and from that point on I don't know what happened because people grabbed me and I turned around and walked off."
At that point security and other senators rushed in and pulled Senator Bishop away. Afterwards Bishop indicated he had only one regret saying, "I'm not apologizing for that at all. I'll apologize for it happening out here." He later added. "If he calls me that again it'll happen again."
Senator Lowell Barron says Bishop hit him on the neck and it was a hard punch. Barron indicated, "He used real provocative language at me, and I did not call him what he said I did."
Several Alabama Senators said they had noticed hard and abusive language during the hard and difficult secession. Republican Senator Hank Erwin observed, "I am not going to lay the blame on Senator Bishop because it is been going on both sides and there has been back stabbing. There has been what I call abusive language on both sides." The senators did not end up having to vote on expelling Senator Bishop from the Senate on the last day. He left on his own saying he would not be back.
Senator Lowell Barron was also asked if he's planning to file assault charges against Bishop. Barron says he will have to think about it.
Imagine all of this in the heart of Dixie, right in the very cradle capital of the Confederacy! Right where George Wallace stood and took on the whole Yankee nation!! Oh where's my smelling sauce!? Of course that is how Southerners like their politics; hot, nasty, negative, and down right personal. No wonder the rest of the nation is surprised to find the South with shoes on.

In a story not quite as exotic as 'Pirates of the Caribbean,' or the 'reality' TV show 'Pirate Master,' shipwreck salvagers discovered thousands of pearls in a small, lead box they said they found while searching for the wreckage of the 17th-century Spanish galleon Santa Margarita. The discovery was announced on June 16th by Blue Water Ventures of Key West, Florida.

The sealed lead box measured 3.5 inches by 5.5 inches and helped protect the pearls for over 375 years. It was uncovered along with a gold bar, eight gold chains, and hundreds of other artifacts. The artifacts were buried beneath the ocean floor in about 18 feet of water about 40 miles west of Key West.

According to Duncan Mathewson, a marine archaeologist and partner in Blue Water Ventures, "There are several thousand pearls starting from an eighth of an inch to three-quarters of an inch." James Sinclair, an archaeologist and conservator consulting with Mel Fisher's Treasures, one of Blue Water's joint-venture partners, added the pearls are very rare because of their antiquity and condition. He indicated pearls don't normally survive the ocean water once they are out of the oyster that creates them; however, "In this instance, we had a lead box and the silt that had sifted into the box from the site of the Margarita, which preserved the pearls in a fairly pristine state."

The pearls will be conserved, documented and photographed in an archaeological laboratory above the Mel Fisher Maritime Museum in Key West. Mathewson told reporters, "Until they're properly cleaned and conserved we don't know their value, but it would seem they would be worth upwards of a million dollars."

The initial treasure and other artifacts from the Santa Margarita were discovered in 1980 by pioneering shipwreck specialist Mel Fisher. The ship was bound for Spain loaded with treasure when it sank in a hurricane in the Florida Straits in 1622.

The Washington, D.C., judge at the center of the infamous $65 million lawsuit against his long-time dry cleaner for losing a pair pants is now the subject of an ethics complaint filed against him by the American Association for Justice.
Roy L. Pearson, an administrative judge for the District of Columbia, and not related to the editor of the Clarion Issue, filed suit after the cleaners lost his pants in May 2005. He said he filed the suit because Custom Cleaners displayed a "satisfaction guaranteed" sign outside their store.
Jin Nam Chung, Ki Chung and their son, Soo Chung, immigrants from South Korea, have operated a dry cleaning business, Custom Cleaners in Northeast Washington, for the past seven years. Their lawyer has indicated Pearson was looking for a way to resolve his financial difficulties after a divorce. "It's simply a frivolous lawsuit brought by an unhappy customer with a bone to pick," attorney Chris Manning said. The defendants said they located the pants a few days later, but Pearson said they were not his. Pearson wanted the Chungs to reimburse him over $1,000, the full price of the suit, saying that the pants were lost.
After Pearson's first demand, the Chungs said the pants had been found and they refused to pay Pearson his demand for $1,000. He refused to accept the pants and instead, sued, representing himself. He has resisted all attempts by the Chungs to settle the $65 million lawsuit, including their settlement offers of $3,000, $4,600 and $12,000 for the pants.
Pearson is seeking $15,000 for car rental every weekend for 10 years in order to take his dry cleaning to another cleaner, arguing that he has a constitutional right to patronize a dry cleaner that is within four blocks of his apartment. Pearson is also claiming that Washington's consumer protection law provides for fines of $1,500 per day per violation and in that Pearson independently maintains that the three Chungs have each engaged in 12 violations over 1,200 days, and he's entitled to $65 million in damages. Just before the case went to trial on June 12, Pearson drop the pants from the suit and the amount of the damages went from $65 million to just $54 million.
During the two-day trial both Pearson and Jin Nam Chung broke down into tears during their respective testimony. Chung described how the law suit, the legal fees, and emotional distress has destroyed their lives and their faith in America.
The Chungs are considering returning to Korea.
Judge Judith Bartnoff ironed out the final decision on the case on June 25, when she ruled in favor of the Chungs. Bartnoff ordered Pearson to pay the court costs of the Chung's which amounted to just over $1,000. A motion to recover the Chungs' tens of thousands of dollars in attorney fees will be considered later.
Pearson now faces the ethics complaint filed against him by the American Association for Justice, and the fact that he may not be reappointed to the bench by the three-person commission studying the appointment. District of Columbia Chief Administrative Judge Tyrone T. Butler indicated Pearson does not deserve a 10-year term to the post, which pays more than $100,000 a year. The $64 million pants lawsuit has turned the D.C. legal system into a punch line on late-night talk shows.
According to various reports, Roy Pearson has a history of using the courts for retribution. In 2005, he sued his ex-wife Rhonda VanLowe, a legal counsel for Rolls-Royce North America, demanding at least $10,000 in spousal support after their divorce. He wanted his ex-wife to help support him because, prior to being appointed a judge in 2005, he had been receiving unemployment benefits in 2003.
The Clarion Issue points out that this is a typical case of frivolous lawsuits in America today and a case that gives new meaning to having "your pants sued off."
In an unrelated case involving prosecutorial misconduct, Durham County district attorney Mike Nifong appeared before the North Carolina State Bar during the second and third weeks of June charged the with several violations of the state's rules of professional conduct, all tied to his handling of the infamous Duke lacrosse case. Nifong had won indictments against three Blue Devil lacrosse players in 2006 after a woman hired to perform as a stripper for a team party in March said she was raped in the team's fraternity house. The case was dropped earlier this year after months of controversy. State Attorney General Roy Cooper, whose office had taken over the case from Nifong indicated, there was no rape or attack, and called the indicted players "innocent" victims of a rogue prosecutor's "tragic rush to accuse."
On June 15, during the case, Nifong resigned as Durham County district attorney. During the resignation he apologized to the accused lacrosse players and their families. The disciplinary committee found Nifong guilty of violations and voted he be disbarred for his actions. Nifong indicated he would not appeal the committee's decision.

NEW EVIDENCE FOUND IN KENT STATE SHOOTINGS FROM 1970

As America struggles to deal with one unpopular war, a page is being rewritten from another unpopular war over three decades ago. Survivors of the National Guard shooting that killed four and wounded nine Kent State University students during an anti Vietnam War rally on May 4, 1970, released an audiotape they said includes a military order to fire on the demonstrators. "The evidence speaks for itself," said Alan Canfora, 58, one of the students wounded in the Kent State shooting. Canfora released two versions of a 20-second clip, the original and an amplified version, in which he says a National Guard officer issues the command: "Right here! Get Set! Point! Fire!"

The tape was released on May 1, 2007, almost 37 years after the tragic event and contains recordings of war protesters yelling, followed by a voice and gunfire. Canfora claims the tape proves a military order was given to fire on demonstrators.
To the casual listener, the word "point" can be heard followed by the sound of shots being fired. There is no indication on the tape of who said the word or if it is an order from the National Guard officers. The tape, played to a group of reporters and students in a small university theater, was given to Yale University for its Kent State archives in 1979 by an attorney who represented students in a lawsuit filed against the state over the shooting. Canfora said he found out about the tape six months ago while researching the shooting, and he will turn over copies of the tape to federal and state officials with an appeal to reopen the investigation over how the firing began. "We're hoping for new investigations and new truths," he said. "We need truth, we need healing."
After the shooting over 30 years ago, the FBI investigated whether an order had been given to fire and said it could only speculate. One theory was that a Guardsman panicked or fired intentionally at a student and that others fired when they heard the shot. After an initial investigation, the case was reopened in 1973 when a grand jury indicted eight Guardsmen. They were acquitted of federal civil rights charges the next year.
Larry Shafer, a Guardsman who said he fired during the shootings and was among those charged, told reporters he was unaware of the tape, but he did say "point" would not have been part of a proper command. "I never heard any command to fire. That's all I can say on that," said Shafer, a Ravenna city councilman and former fire chief. "That's not to say there may not have been, but with all the racket and noise, I don't know how anyone could have heard anything that day."
Stan Pottinger, who helped prosecute the Guardsmen in 1973, said he could not specifically recall the tape, but that audio recordings and film were carefully studied.
"I'm so curious about this," he said of a possible order to fire. "That was a major part of our effort." But he continued, "The Guardsmen were acquitted, the case was closed, the families expressed enormous gratitude for the reopening of the case, and that was it."
Canfora indicated the reel-to-reel audio recording was made by a student who placed a microphone at a windowsill of a dormitory overlooking the anti-war rally. The student turned the tape over to the FBI, which kept a copy. The copy Canfora discovered sat in the Yale University Kent State archives for over 25 years.
The Kent State Massacre, as it came to be known, was one of the major events in the home front that turned America against the Vietnam War, then into its seventh or eighth year. Kent State also inspired the popular Neil Young anthem "Ohio" which proclaimed, 'four dead in Ohio.' The war went on for at least four more years and cost the United States over 50,000 dead.

BUBONIC PLAGUE HAUNTS DENVER ZOO
On May 22, 2007, officials at the Denver Zoo reported a capuchin monkey had died of bubonic plague. Officials indicated they were trying to prevent an epidemic of the illness by isolating the primates and treating them with antibiotics. The animal was 8-year-old.
Zoo and city officials indicated more than a dozen squirrels and at least one rabbit have been found dead of plague in the City Park area just east of downtown Denver. The park includes a golf course and the Denver Museum of Nature and Science, as well as the zoo.

The monkey was reportedly acting lethargically before it died. Zoo veterinarian Dr. David Kenny suspects the primate ate the carcass of an infected dead squirrel. Several species of rats, squirrels, groundhogs, prairie dogs, and other rodents have been known to carry the flea that carries enterobacteria Yersinia pestis which causes bubonic plague. Plague is common in Colorado and in other western states during this time of year, but it usually occurs in rural parts of the state and mainly in prairie dog colonies.

According to state health department epidemiologist John Pape, "We see it (the plague) every year in wild rodents. But it's uncommon circulating in tree squirrels in urban neighborhoods, including metro Denver." Health department officials suspect the disease was brought into the city by a fox or coyote.

None of the other animals, including the other 17 capuchins, have demonstrated any signs of the plague, but as a precaution the monkeys were taken from their usual display and placed in a separate cage observations and treatment. The capuchins received antibiotics as a preventive measure.

Officials indicated that the chance of a human getting infected was minimal at the time.

The Bubonic plague, refereed to as the "Black Death," killed 25 million people in Europe in the mid 1300s and remained in Europe during the Middle Ages and early Renaissance. During the Medieval outbreak Y. pestis was spread by the flea on the Black rat which lived in Europe at the time. The plague morphed into the pneunomic form of the illness and spread like wildfire by both flea bite and human to human contact. The plague visited Europe several times during the Middle Ages and did not disappear until the brown rat (a bigger and meaner rat) replaced the black rat as the dominant rat species on the continent. The brown rat does not host the particular flea that carries Y. pestis.

The illness' first signs are generally aching limbs, and the vomiting of blood. Then the lymph nodes begin to swell. The swelling would continue for three or four days until the lymph nodes burst leaving a black bruise under the skin. The swiftness of the disease, the enormous pain, and the grotesque appearance of the victims, all served to make the plague especially horrifying. The Italian writer Giovanni Boccaccio (ca. 1350) said victims often "ate lunch with their friends, and ate dinner with their ancestors in paradise."

In 2002 the appearance of the plague in a squirrel and cat caused the closing of Donner Memorial National Park in California.

During the televised presidential debates held in early June on CNN moderator Wolf Blitzer asked both Democratic and Republican contenders for their party's nomination for the presidency if English should be the "official language" of the United States. The Democrats mainly agreed that English was the national language of the U.S., but to make it the official language would put a hardship on individuals not yet proficient in English. All of the Republicans, with the exception of John McCain agreed with the statement.

McCain went on to indicate Native American tribes, such as the Navaho, had a right by treaty to keep and maintain their native language and customs.

Americans are quick to make assumptions about language. There are many isolated areas in the U.S. where Native Americans speak and write their native language and use English as a second language. To print ballots and provide health care and other social services to these people in only English would be an insult to these peoples' heritage and a violation of treaty. America would also be forgetting the heroic efforts and sacrifices of the Navaho Code Talkers during World War II.

Japan has decided to return to using the prewar name for the island of Iwo Jima. The small volcanic island was site of one of World War II's most horrific battles and the famous Marine Corps flag raising atop Mount Suribachi. The Japanese claim the island's identify has been hijacked by high-profile movies like Clint Eastwood's "Letters from Iwo Jima" and other movies such as "Flags of Our Fathers." The new name, actually the prewar name, Iwo To, was adopted on June 18, 2007, by the Japanese Geographical Survey Institute in consultation with Japan's coast guard. The official map with the new name will be released on Sept. 1.

Before World War II, the isolated island was named Iwo To, pronounced "ee-woh-toh," by about 1,000 so people who lived there. In Japanese, that name looks and means the same as Iwo Jima or "Sulfur Island." The civilians were evacuated in 1944 as U.S. forces advanced across the Pacific. The Japanese navy officers who moved in to fortify the island mistakenly called it Iwo Jima, and the name stuck. After the war, civilians were not allowed to return, and the island was put to exclusive military use by both the U.S. and Japan, cementing its identity as Iwo Jima. The island includes a U.S. military cemetery.

The battle for Iwo Jima began on February 19, 1945 and lasted 36 days. The battle pitted some 100,000 U.S. troops, mostly Marines, against 22,000 Japanese deeply dug into a labyrinth of tunnels and trenches. The Japanese fought for almost every foot of the island. Nearly 7,000 Americans were killed and over 20,000 wounded. Fewer than 300 of the Japanese survived the battle.

The Japanese continue to rewrite and revise the history of World War II. Today its history books ignore the atrocities the Empire of Japan committed such as the rape of Nanking, the attack on Pearl Harbor, the Bataan Death March, the fact that 65% of allied civilian and military prisoners of war died in captivity, and the forced captivity and prostitution of the Korean 'comfort women,' just to name a few war crimes of the Japanese. Changing the name of Iwo Jima will not change the facts of the heroism of what happened there and the senseless loss of Japanese lives in defense of a lost island after the battle was lost.

The Americans occupied the island after the war, and returned it to Japanese jurisdiction in 1968. Today Iwo To's or Iwo Jima's only inhabitants are about 400 Japanese soldiers. The U.S. Navy still uses an airstrip on the island to train pilots who operate from aircraft carriers.

RARE CANCER THREATENS TASMANIAN DEVIL POPULATION
Scientists in Australia are growing concerned about a rare cancer affecting Tasmanian devils. The disease, called the Tasmanian devil facial-tumor disease, produces enormous growths that push the animals' teeth out of line and make it difficult for them to eat. The problem is the disease is spread by animal to animal contact.
Pound for pound, the Tasmanian devil has the most powerful bite of any animal on earth today. It was once found all over Australia, but today the devils are only found on the island of Tasmania off the southern coast Australia. The disease was first noticed in 1996. Devils infected with the disease generally die of starvation within six months. Healthy Tasmanian devils usually weigh about 20-pounds and are classified as marsupials.
Biologists believe animals inject cancer cells into each other when they engage in mating battles biting each other and when they are in competition over food. Some suspect the cancers might be transmitted by a virus through these bites. Cancer spread from individual to individual is very rare.
According to an article in the April edition of the journal Nature, during mating season, Tasmanian devils are notoriously feisty, and their duels often involve mouth-to-mouth combat. When a cancerous animal bites a healthy one, cancer cells can break off the cancerous devil's face. Some of these cancer cells are then implanted into the bite wound. There they thrive, growing into new tumors.
The Tasmanian government is currently attempting to quarantine healthy devil populations from infected ones. Possible remedies also include moving healthy devils to nearby islands, moving larger quantities to zoos for breeding purposes, and reintroducing the Tasmanian devil to Australia.

Astronomers in Europe have discovered a planet outside our solar system that has Earth-like temperatures and is potentially habitable. The discovery, announced in late April, could be a big step in the search for "life in the universe" as we know it on Earth. The planet is small enough, warm enough, could have water in liquid form, and in galactic terms is relatively nearby at just 120 trillion miles away. But the star it closely orbits is known as a "red dwarf" and is much smaller and cooler than our sun.

There's still a lot that is unknown about the new planet, which could be deemed inhospitable to life once more is known about it; after all, Mars in our Solar System is in that category. The Red planet is of a size relatively similar to Earth's with temperatures that would permit liquid water. However, this new planet is the first outside our solar system that meets those standards. "It's a significant step on the way to finding possible life in the universe," said University of Geneva astronomer Michel Mayor, one of 11 European scientists on the team that found the planet. "It's a nice discovery. We still have a lot of questions." The results of the discovery have not been published but have been submitted to the journal Astronomy and Astrophysics.

The planet was discovered by the European Southern Observatory's telescope in La Silla, Chile, which has a special instrument that splits light to find wobbles in different wave lengths. Those wobbles can reveal the existence of other worlds. What they found was a three-planet system circling the red dwarf star, Gliese 581. Red dwarfs are low-energy, tiny stars that give off dim red light and last longer than stars like our sun. Until a few years ago, astronomers didn't consider these stars as possible hosts of planets that might sustain life. However, the new planet, named 581 c, is sure to fuel studies of planets circling similar dim stars.

The new planet is about five times heavier than Earth. Its discoverers aren't certain if it is rocky like Earth or if its a frozen ice ball with liquid water on the surface. If it is rocky like Earth, which is what the prevailing theory proposes, it has a diameter about 1 1/2 times bigger than our planet. If it is an iceball it would be even bigger. Based on theory, 581 c should have an atmosphere, but what's in that atmosphere is still a mystery and if it's too thick that could make the planet's surface temperature too hot. However, the research team believes the average temperature to be somewhere between 32 and 104 (F) degrees and that set off celebrations among astronomers. Until now, all 220 planets astronomers have found outside our solar system have had the "Goldilocks problem." They've been too hot, too cold or just plain too big and gaseous, like uninhabitable Jupiter. But scientists think the new planet seems just right.

However, life on the newly discovered planet would be different from Earth. Gravity is 1.6 times as strong as Earth's so a 150-pound person would feel like 240 pounds. The planet orbits its star, Gliese 581, every 13 days. The planet is 14 times closer to the star it orbits; therefore, the red dwarf star hangs in the sky at a size 20 times larger than our moon.

The Gliese 581 star system is a mere 20.5 light-years away (just two star systems down and one star system over in intergalactic terms) and can be seen in the constellation Libra with a powerful telescope.

NASA plans to launch such a mission next year, named Kepler, to search the skies for Earth-like planets. Kepler will monitor 100,000 stars for four years in search of Earth-like planets.

Yustinus Lahama, an Indonesian fisherman, caught a coelacanth, an ancient fish once thought to have become extinct at the time of the dinosaurs, on May 21, 2007. Ichthyologists who studied the rare fish indicated Lahama and his son caught the fish on May 19 in the sea off North Sulawesi province, an island province of Indonesia, and kept it at their house for an hour. After being told by neighbors it was a rare fish, he took it back to the sea and kept it in a quarantine pool for about 17 hours before it died. Coelacanths will die if they are kept outside their habitat (60 ft to 200 ft below the sea) for two hours. But this fish lived for about 17 hours, according to Grevo Gerung, a professor at the fisheries faculty at the Sam Ratulangi University.

Ichthyologists will look into why Lahama's catch lived so long. The fish was about four feet long and weighed 112 lb. according to Gerung. Before 1938 they were thought to be extinct.

However, coelacanths has made surprise appearances before. In 1998, fishermen caught another coelacanth in a deep-water shark net off northern Sulawesi (also known as Celebes). That catch came 60 years after a member of the species was rediscovered on the east coast of South Africa

The name coelacanth comes from two Greek words, 'coelia' meaning hollow and 'acanthos' meaning spine. The average weight of the current west Indian Ocean coelacanth, whose scientific name is Latimeria chalumnae, is 176 pounds. They can reach up to 6.5 feet in length. Scientists speculate individual coelacanths may live as long as 80 to 100 years. Coelacanths can live as deep as 2300 feet but are more usually found at depths of 90 to 200 feet. Today's examples of Latimeria chalumnae have a deep blue color which probably camouflages them from prey species; however the Indonesian species is mainly brown. Coelacanths are almost never caught in the daytime or on nights with full moons, due to the sensitivity of their eyes to light.

Coelacanths are known from the fossil records dating back more than 360 million years. Before 1938 they were believed to have become extinct approximately 80 million years ago when they disappeared from the fossil record. Coelacanths are the only living animals to have a fully functional intracranial joint, which is a division separating the ear and brain from the nasal organs and eye.

What famous actor was given the nickname 'Father of the Sponge' by the Arabs?
A. George Kennedy
B. Omar Sharif
C. Alex Guinness
D. Peter O'Toole
E. Anthony Quinn
F. Roger Moore

Answer: D Peter O'Toole
O'Toole was not used to riding camels and found the saddle to be uncomfortable. While in Amman during a break in filming of 'Lawrence of Arabia,' he bought a piece of foam rubber and added it to his camel saddle. Many of the Arab extras copied the idea. The Arabs nicknamed O'Toole "Ab al Isfanjah" , meaning "Father of the Sponge"

About as many Confederate as Union Generals earned nicknames, many from respect, some derisive. Can you identify the following?

1) One of the best generals ever produced, in any war or country, he was uniformly loved by his troops, who gave him the affectionate nickname "Marse Bobby." "Marse Bobby" was ________.

2) During the 1st Battle of Manassas, no one is sure if Confederate general Barnard Bee was being complimentary or derisive in saying, "There stands ________ like a stone wall."

3) At the (non) battle of Yorktown, this general, known for his gaudy personal attire, thoroughly confused, and seriously delayed, McClellan's advance on Richmond during the Peninsular Campaign. He was "Prince John" ________ .

4) If Jackson was Lee's "right arm," this sometimes controversial figure from Gettysburg was surely his left. Who was "Old Pete?" ______

5) Surely one of the best of several renowned Confederate cavalry commanders, he was arguably the most flamboyant. Name "Beauty" this horseman was _______.

6) This Episcopal churchman was the Missionary Bishop of the Southwest, and was killed during Sherman's Atlanta campaign. Known as "The Fighting Bishop," he was ___________.

7) With the baptismal names of Pierre Gustave Toutant, he was known as "Frenchie" ________.

8) One of seven of the same surname, he was distinguished by the sobriquet of "Tige." He was ___________ .

9) Born in Columbia County, Georgia, he gave his name to one of the largest and most important Army bases in the country. He was "Old Rock" ___________.

10) A self-educated soldier, he rose from Private to Lieutenant-General during the course of the war. He was known to his Union counterparts as "That Devil" _______ .

11) Reputed to have been the Confederate officer who hauled down the Stars and Stripes when Fort Sumter surrendered, he was "Neighbor" _________.

12) The Confederacy's "Fighting Joe" counterpart to the Union's Hooker ended his career as a US Army Major General in the Spanish-American War. He was _______ .

13) Said to be among the three best Corps commanders (with Jackson and Longstreet), this Camden County native, who served almost the whole war in the West, was known as "Old Reliable," ________ .

14) Born in St. Augustine, Florida, at West Point he was known as "Seminole" ______.

15) Although not a general, he may be the best known colonel of the Confederacy. His "Partisan Rangers" were either Confederate soldiers, guerillas, or just a well armed criminal gang. The "Gray Ghost of the Confederacy" was ______.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR AND INFORMATION ON A CIVIL WAR ROUND TABLE IN SOUTHEAST GEORGIA

The Civil War Round Table of Coastal Georgia is one of a network of hundreds of such clubs which meet throughout the United States, and even overseas. They exist to promote study of the War Between the States, to preserve the memory of those who served, and, of course, to give opportunity to socialize with people of common interests. Many of the members have Civil War ancestors, although that is not a requirement for membership.

The local club meets in Brunswick the fourth Tuesday of every month, September through May, except December. The program starts at 7:00 PM, and includes a brief business session, followed by a presentation by a noted historian or author. Recent programs have included "Vicksburg, Grant's Masterpiece," by Ed Bearss, former Chief Historian of the National Park Service; "The Richmond Bread Riots of 1863," by Dr. Michael Chesson, of the University of Massachusetts; "Collecting Civil War Artifacts," by The Honorable Brad Brown, former Mayor of Brunswick; and "The General Nathan B. Forrest Controversy." by Dr. Walter Blanton, of Jacksonville University. There is an optional dinner beforehand, and frequent displays of memorabilia.

For more information, and a ride to the meeting, contact Dave Lovett, phone 882-6213. (Dave is a great-grandson of Pvt. Benjamin Franklin Sayles, of the 20th New York Cavalry.)

ANSWERS TO CONFEDERATE GENERALS: 1) Robert E. Lee 2) Thomas J. Jackson 3) Magruder 4) James Longstreet 5) J.E.B. Stuart 6) Leonidas Polk 7) Beauregard 8) George Thomas Anderson 9) Henry Benning 10) Nathan B. Forrest 11) David Jones 12) Joseph Wheeler 13) William J. Hardee 14) Edmund Kirby Smith 15) John Mosby

THE NORTHERN GENERALS (REPRINTED FROM THE SPECIAL TAD ELECTION EDITION ISSUE, MAY 2007)

Many Union Generals acquired nicknames, some before the war, many during it, and not all complimentary. They were based, variously, on physical characteristics, performance in battle, and sometimes, just on age. How many can you name?

1) A perfect example of the "Peter Principle," he gave a variation of his name to a style of facial hair. __________

2) Small in stature, but a giant in accomplishments, he was "Little Phil" __________

3) He lost his left arm, but not his fighting spirit, in the Mexican War. He once joked with another general who lost his right arm that they could still "buy their gloves in pairs." The "One armed Devil" was __________

4) Best known for his service in the West after the Civil War, the "boy general" was variously known as "Autie, Fanny, or Curly" __________

5) Arguably one of the worst officers ever to command a corps of the Army of the Potomac, he had a problem with his eyes, which gave him the sobriquet "Old Blinky" __________

Among a raw, young army, age and experience frequently earned generals a mostly fond name from their men:

6) Based on his pre-war calling as a physician, he was known as "Old Pills" __________

7) Almost the oldest Union general, he was so obese he could no longer take the field, or even mount a horse. The author of the "Anaconda Plan" was "Old Fuss and Feathers" __________

8) The author of several military texts, he once was Grant's superior, later his subordinate. He was "Old Brains" __________

9) More famous by the titles earned in battle, this general of the "old Army" was one of a very few to completely annihilate an opposing army. He was "Pap" __________

10) The title "Uncle" was perhaps the fondest reference given to a commander beloved by his soldiers. Name "Uncle John" __________ and "Uncle Dick" __________

11) Commanders of at least a corps, these two were simply very senior and rather old, by the standards of the time. Name "Old Bull" __________ and "Old Rosy" __________

Fighting was the name of the game, and many generals earned nicknames based on their success (or lack of it) in battle.

12) "Fighting Joe" __________ (He probably should have lost the name after the battle of Chancelorsville.)

14) Earned at First Manassas, he was long after known as __________ "the Superb."

15) Renowned for losing his supply bases to marauding Confederates, and thereby supplying them their war needs, he was "Commissary" __________

16) A cavalry commander who little valued his troopers' lives, in defiance of the derogatory reference "Who ever saw a dead cavalryman?" he was "Kill cavalry" __________

17) In reference to his slowness to make tactical decisions, this supposed inventor of the game of baseball was known as "Forty-eight hours" __________

18) Although not a sobriquet, it was a watchword among German-American soldiers: "I fights mit" __________

19) For his heavy-handed rule of captured New Orleans, including a famous directive to treat as "women of the street" southern belles who disrespected Union officers, he was known as "Beast" __________

Not readily included in any of these categories, several generals earned notice:

22) Still reviled in Georgia, and Grant's successor as General-in-Chief, "Cump" __________

23) Based on his pre-war explorations of the West, he was "Pathfinder" __________

24) Continuing a long history of anti-Irish sentiment, he was known as "Paddy" __________

25) This Indian fighter resigned his commission in 1864, and retired to Huntsville, Alabama (then still in rebellion,) where he was accepted and respected by his Southern neighbors. He was "Bully" __________

1) Ambrose Burnside 2) Phil Sheridan 3) Phil Kearney 4) George Custer 5) William French 6) Samuel Crawford 7) Winfield Scott 8) Harvey Halleck 9) George Thomas 10) John Sedgwick & Dick Oglesby 11) Edwin Sumner & William Rosecrans 12) Joe Hooker 13) Dick Richardson 14) Winfield Scott Haddock 15) Nathaniel Banks 16) Judson Kilpatrick 17) Abner Doubleday 18) Franz Sigel 19) Ben Butler 20) Daniel Butterfield 21) George McClellan 22) William T. Sherman 23) John Fremont 24) Joshua Owen 25) William Brooks

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The Southern Calendar

AUGUST

Third or Fourth weekend Second Battle of Manassas (Bull Run), Manassas, Va.
Civil War reenactment. Camps,demonstrations ect. www.batlefieldmanassas.org & www.nps.gov/mana/index.htm

SEPTEMBER

Labor Day Kingsland Catfish Festival, Kingsland,Ga.
Small town festival in honor of Catfish. Kingsland, GA. of I-95 just north of the Ga.-Fla. border. Food, Parade, Music, and more. www.kingsbay.net click on festivals

Early Sept. Chevrolet Monte Carlo 400 at Richmond, Va. www.nascar.com

Third weekend Bainbridge Bikefest at Bainbridge, Ga.
Bikes and music………. Bainbridge, Ga. is in Southwest Ga. on Hwy 84.
www.bainbridgegachamber.com click on festivals

Warwick, Ga. Casi Chili and Rib Cookoff www.gritsfest.com

OCTOBER
All month Octoberfest at Helen, Ga.
A German celebration in the Alpine Village of North Georgia. 800-858-8027
e-mail info@helenga.org http://www.helenga.org/

First weekend Rock Shrimp Festival at St. Marys. Ga.
A small town festival serving Rock Shrimp. Crafts, food, entertainment.
On the coast on the Ga/Fla boundary. www.stmaryswelcome.com/events .

Mid October Biketoberfest at Daytona, Fla.
www.biketoberfest.com & www.bketoberfest.org

Third weekend Alabama 500 at Talladega Superspeedway, Talladega, Ala. www.nascar.com

TO PLACE YOUR TOWN’S EVENT ON THE SOUTHERN CALENDAR
Email the information to: apearson@ClarionIsh.com